Salinisation

Definition= The accumulation of salts (e.g. chloride, sulphate, carbonate, salts of sodium, calcium, magnesium) in the soil.

Why is it a problem?

1. Accumulated salt crusts may be difficult for plants to penetrate.
2. These salts are toxic to many plants.
3. They reduce the spaces available for moisture and air in the soil.

The Process:

• Salts are present throughout the soil but are not concentrated enough to damage plant life.
• Occurs where land has been cleared of trees and then irrigated without proper drainage.
• This causes the water table to rise nearer the surface lead to low vapour pressure in soil pores driving capillary action drawing moisture to the surface.
• SALTS ARE LEFT ON THE SURFACE AS A CRUST

Fact: 80% of irrigation projects in Uzbekistan have been lost to this process